Opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia syndrome

Abstract

Introduction: opsoclonus-Myoclonus-Ataxia Syndrome, also known as "Kinsbourne syndrome" or "Dancing Eye Syndrome," is a rare neurological condition characterized by the acute or subacute onset of a disorder involving saccadic eye movements, called opsoclonus, limb myoclonus, and gait ataxia.

Objective: to present an uncommon case in neurological clinical practice and its evolution with the treatment.

Case Report: a 52-year-old female patient with a one-month history of symptoms, including fever, arthralgia, myalgia, holocranial headache, and retroocular pain, initially diagnosed as arbovirosis. Two weeks later, she suddenly developed generalized tremors at rest and during action, gait incoordination, falls, and abnormal eye movements. Progressively, hand myoclonus, photophobia, drowsiness alternating with periods of irritability, and difficulty articulating words appeared. A clinical diagnosis of Kinsbourne syndrome of post-infectious origin was made, and she received immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive treatments at different evolutionary stages, with satisfactory progression and total remission.

Conclusions: kinsbourne syndrome requires early initiation of immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive treatments and identification of the etiological factor to determine a satisfactory outcome and prevent long-term complications and relapses.