Glasgow coma scale as mortality prognostic factor in severe traumatic brain injury
Keywords:
Glasgow coma scale, Prognostic factors, Bilateral fixed dilated pupils, Severe traumatic brain injury, Traumatic brain injuryAbstract
OBJECTIVE: To identify elements of the Glasgow coma scale the prognostic factor of mortality in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.
METHODS: An observational analytic type case–control study was carried out, for the sick persons hospitalized in the Saturnino Lora Provincial Hospital Surgical Clinical in Santiago de Cuba City, during the period of January 2009 to December 2010, with the diagnosis severe traumatic brain injury. They carried out statistical tests like the chi–square, the Odds Radios (OR) test and the logistical regression pattern.
RESULTS: Amongst the prognostic factors that influence the mortality of the severe traumatic brain injury, they were punctuations between 3 and 5 in the Glasgow coma scale, the absence of response to painful stimulus and the bilateral fixed dilated pupils. In the analysis of logistical regression, the variable that explained independently the mortality corresponded between 3 and 5 on the Glasgow coma scale.
CONCLUSIONS: The patients with severe traumatic brain injury that presented a Glasgow coma scale from 3 to 5 had greater probability of dying, as well as those with severe traumatic brain injury that don't have motor responses. If they presented with bilateral fixed dilated pupils the probability of dying it rises at the 100%. It is independently evident that the advance in the study of different prognostic factors and in spite of their limitations, the Glasgow coma scale continues to be useful tool to classify and to know the prognostic mortality in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.
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